VBA Round, RoundUp, and RoundDown Functions

VBA Round

The VBA Round Function rounds numbers to a specified number of digits.

Syntax of the VBA Round Function

The syntax of the VBA Round Function is:

Round(Expression, [Decimal_places]) where:

• Expression – The number to round.
• Decimal_places (Optional) – An integer that specifies the number of decimal places to round. The value must be greater than or equal to 0 (>=0). If blank, the default of 0 is used, which means the function rounds to the nearest integer.

 

So, let’s look at an example so that you can see how the VBA Round function works, rounding to 1 decimal place:

Sub Round1()

Msgbox Round(7.25, 1)

End Sub

The resulting MessageBox:

VBA Round a Variable

In the above example, we entered the to-be-rounded number directly into the function, usually however, you’d round a variable instead. The following is an example using a variable instead:

Note: We use the Double variable type in order to store decimal values.

Sub RoundUsingVariable()

Dim unitcount As Double

unitcount = 7.25

MsgBox "The value is " & Round(unitcount, 1)

End Sub

The result is:

VBA Rounding Results

Actual Number	Number of Decimal Places	Result
7.25	0	7
7.25	1	7.2
7.25	2	7.25
-7.25	1	-7.2
-7.25	2	-7.25

 

VBA Round Cell Value

You can also round a cell value directly in VBA:

Sub RoundCell()
Range("A1").Value = Round(Range("A1").Value, 2)
End Sub

VBA RoundUp Function

Let’s say you want to round a number up, using VBA. There is no built-in VBA RoundUp equivalent function, instead what you can do is call the Excel RoundUp Worksheet function from your VBA code:

roundupUnitcount = Application.WorksheetFunction.RoundUp(unitcount, 3)

Excel’s worksheet functions are available to use in VBA, through the use of the WorksheetFunction object. The only worksheet functions that you can’t call, are those that already have a built-in VBA equivalent.

A reminder of the syntax of the Excel Worksheet RoundUp Function:

ROUNDUP(Number, Digits) where:

• Number – The number that you would like rounded up.
• Digits – The number of digits that you would like to round the number.

 

So, let’s look at an example, so that you can see how to access the RoundUp Worksheet function in your VBA code:

Sub RoundUp()

Dim unitcount As Double

Dim roundupUnitcount As Double

unitcount = 7.075711

roundupUnitcount = Application.WorksheetFunction.RoundUp(unitcount, 4)

MsgBox "The value is " & roundupUnitcount

End Sub

The result is:

RoundUp to the Nearest Whole Number

You can round up to the nearest whole number by specifying 0 as the number of decimal places:

Sub RoundUpWhole()

MsgBox Application.WorksheetFunction.RoundUp(7.1, 0)

End Sub

The result delivered:

RoundUp Function Results

Actual Number	Digits	Result
7.075711	0	8
7.075711	1	7.1
7.075711	2	7.08
7.075711	3	7.076
7.075711	-1	10
7.075711	-2	100
7.075711	-3	1000

VBA RoundDown Function

Let’s say you want to round a number down, using VBA. There is no built-in VBA RoundDown equivalent function either, instead again, what you would do is call the Excel RoundDown Worksheet function from your VBA code.

A reminder of the syntax of the Excel Worksheet RoundDown Function:

ROUNDDOWN(Number, Digits) where:

• Number – The number that you would like rounded down.
• Digits – The number of digits that you would like to round the number.

 

So, let’s look at an example, so that you can see how to access the RoundDown Worksheet function in your VBA code:

Sub RoundDown()

Dim unitcount As Double

Dim rounddownUnitcount As Double

unitcount = 5.225193

rounddownUnitcount = Application.WorksheetFunction.RoundDown(unitcount, 4)

MsgBox "The value is " & rounddownUnitcount

End Sub

The result is:

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RoundDown to the Nearest Whole Number

You can round down to the nearest whole number by specifying 0 as the number of decimal places:

Sub RoundDownWhole()

MsgBox Application.WorksheetFunction.RoundDown(7.8, 0)

End Sub

The result is:

RoundDown Function Results

Actual Number	Digits	Result
5.225193	0	5
5.225193	1	5.2
5.225193	2	5.22
5.225193	3	5.225
5.225193	-1	0
5.225193	-2	0
5.225193	-3	0

Other VBA Rounding Functions

VBA Ceiling – RoundUp to A Specified Significance

VBA does not have a Ceiling.Math function equivalent, so if you want to round a number up to the nearest integer or to the nearest specified multiple of significance, then you can call Excel’s Ceiling.Math worksheet function from your VBA code.

A reminder of the syntax of the Excel Worksheet Ceiling.Math Function:

CEILING.MATH(Number, [Significance], [Mode]) where:

• Number – The number that you would like to round up.
• Significance (Optional) – The multiple to which you want your number to be rounded to.
• Mode (Optional) – Controls whether negative numbers are rounded towards or away from zero.

 

So, let’s look at an example, so that you can see how to access the Ceiling.Math Worksheet function in your VBA code:

Sub RoundUpToSignificance()

Dim unitcount As Double

Dim ceilingmathUnitcount As Double

unitcount = 4.1221 

ceilingmathUnitcount = Application.WorksheetFunction.Ceiling_Math(unitcount, 5)

MsgBox "The value is " & ceilingmathUnitcount

End Sub

The result is:

VBA RoundUp To Specified Significance Results

Actual Number	Significance	Mode	Result
4.1221			5
4.1221	3		6
4.1221	50		50
-4.1221	3		-3
-4.1221	3	-1	-6

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VBA Floor – RoundDown to A Specified Significance

VBA does not have a Floor.Math function equivalent either. However, once again, if you want to round a number down to the nearest integer or to the nearest specified multiple of significance, then you can call Excel’s Floor.Math worksheet function from VBA.

A reminder of the syntax of the Excel Worksheet Floor.Math Function:

FLOOR.MATH(Number, [Significance], [Mode]) where:
• Number – The number that you would like to round down.
• Significance (Optional) – The multiple to which you want your number to be rounded to.
• Mode (Optional) – Controls whether negative numbers are rounded towards or away from zero.

 

So, let’s look at an example, so that you can see how to access the Floor.Math Worksheet function in your VBA code:

Sub RoundDownToSignificance()

Dim unitcount As Double
Dim floormathUnitcount As Double

unitcount = 4.55555559
floormathUnitcount = Application.WorksheetFunction.Floor_Math(unitcount, 2)

MsgBox "The value is " & floormathUnitcount

End Sub

The result is:

VBA RoundDown to Specified Significance Results

Actual Number	Significance	Mode	Result
4.55555559			4
4.55555559	3		3
4.55555559	50		0
-4.55555559	3		-6
-4.55555559	3	-1	-3

Random Integers

To generate random integer value between 1 and 10, you can use the following code.

Sub Rnd_Example1()
    Dim rndValue As Single
    Randomize
    
    For i = 1 To 20
        rndValue = Int((Rnd * 10) + 1)
    Next i
End Sub

This code will generate 20 random integer value between 1 and 10.

To generate random value between an lower bound and an upper bound, you can use the following function.

Function RndSpecial(upperbound As Single, lowerbound As Single) As Single
    RndSpecial = (upperbound - lowerbound) * Rnd
End Function

Sub Rnd_Example2()
    Dim randomValue As Single
    randomValue = RndSpecial(5, 30)
    MsgBox randomValue
End Sub

This will return a random value between 5 and 30.